ESTILO DE VIDA COMO INTERVENÇÃO PREVENTIVA DA HIPERTENSÃO

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[av_heading heading=’Estilo de vida como intervenção preventiva da hipertensão’ tag=’h1′ link_apply=” link=’manually,http://’ link_target=” style=’blockquote modern-quote modern-centered’ size=’50’ subheading_active=” subheading_size=’15’ margin=” margin_sync=’true’ padding=’10’ color=’custom-color-heading’ custom_font=’#719430′ av-medium-font-size-title=” av-small-font-size-title=” av-mini-font-size-title=” av-medium-font-size=” av-small-font-size=” av-mini-font-size=” av_uid=’av-kst079em’ id=” custom_class=” admin_preview_bg=”][/av_heading]
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Nesta revisão, onde alguns investigadores incluindo uma pessoa muito especial, o investigador português @pedrobastos demonstram um resumo de uma pesquisa epidemiológica que apoia os efeitos preventivos e anti-hipertensivos das principais intervenções no estilo de vida (exercícios físicos regulares, controle do peso corporal e padrões alimentares saudáveis), bem como outras recomendações menos tradicionais, como controle do stresse e promoção de padrões de sono adequados.

Algumas conclusões desta revisão científica sobre o impacto do Estilo de vida na hipertensão arterial:

  • Praticar uma atividade física regular e exercícios para a prevenção e controle da hipertensão.
  • Reduzir o peso corporal ao normal em indivíduos com sobrepeso ou obesidade reduz o risco de hipertensão, mas são necessárias mais evidências sobre a eficácia dessa estratégia em longo prazo.
  • A restrição da ingestão de sódio da dieta reduz a pressão arterial.
  • Trabalho por turnos, sono de curta duração ou sono insatisfatório e outras formas de perturbação circadiana podem aumentar o risco de hipertensão.
  • Algumas formas de stresse psicológico, como transtorno de stresse pós-traumático, parecem estar associadas a um maior risco de hipertensão, mas faltam evidências fortes sobre os benefícios anti-hipertensivos potenciais das técnicas de controle do stresse.
  • Em contraste com os medicamentos anti-hipertensivos comuns, as intervenções no estilo de vida, especialmente os exercícios, reduzem a pressão arterial por meio de mecanismos multissistêmicos e “não tradicionais” (por exemplo, não apenas melhorando a saúde vascular ou reduzindo a hiperativação simpática).

Valenzuela, PL, Carrera-Bastos, P., Gálvez, BG et al. Intervenções no estilo de vida para a prevenção e tratamento da hipertensão. Nat Rev Cardiol (2020).
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